U.S. in Iraq 2003 – 2013
Editing, excerpting, re-reporting, brief comment by
Carolyn Bennett
The United States
invaded Iraq on March 19, 2003 (tomorrow ten years ago) on the false pretext
that Saddam Hussein possessed weapons of mass destruction, Costs of War
Project recalls.
The mass destruction of the
invasion, occupation, and civil war followed, and amplified the societal and
health disintegration caused by the previous decade of sanctions.
Iraqi lives and communities remain
war-devastated ten years on.
American military and contractor
families struggle with the loss of loved ones as well as the emotional and
economic burdens of living with long-term injuries and illnesses.
Total U.S. federal spending
associated with the Iraq war has been $1.7 trillion through Fiscal Year (FY) 2013.
In addition, future health and
disability payments for veterans will total $590 billion and interest accrued
to pay for the war will add up to $3.9 trillion. http://costsofwar.org/iraq-10-years-after-invasion.
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| Costs of War photo |
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ilitary responses have often created more extensive violent
response and terrorism against the civilian population caught between two
opposing forces, the group continues.
The wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan have served as
an effective recruiting device for new terrorists. Contrary to the U.S. government’s rationale
that invading Iraq would prevent the country (Iraq) from becoming a safe haven
for terrorists, the country has instead become a laboratory in which militant
groups have been able to hone their techniques of propaganda, recruitment, and
violence against the most highly trained military in the world.
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| Car bomb Pakistan |
The number of terrorist attacks in Iraq rose precipitously
following the 2003 invasion and has not returned to its pre-war level.
In addition, wars often create the conditions for additional
violent conflicts over the new resources and new political alignments created
by an initial invasion or occupation. Civil wars and criminal violence that have
erupted in Iraq and Afghanistan are examples of this phenomenon. http://costsofwar.org/article/alternatives-military-response-911
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uthor, activist and international speaker Arundhati Roy
spoke today with Democracy Now on Iraq ten years later and a decade of U.S.
wars on the peoples of the Middle East and South Central Asia. These are
selected portions (edited for TIN) from Roy’s comments answering questions by
Amy Goodman.
Reign of Psychopaths: Albright-Cheney-Obama
Sanctions
on Iraq: Former U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright [said] a
million children dying in Iraq because of the sanctions was a hard price ─ but
worth it.
She (Albright), Roy says, was the victim of the sanctions, it seems; her softness was
called upon and she had to brazen herself to do it.
Endless violent aggression: Today, members of the U.S. Democratic Party bomb Pakistan,
destroying that country, too. Just in the last decade (2003-2013), Afghanistan,
Pakistan, Iraq, Libya, Syria; all these countries have been shattered.
We are being given lessons in
morality while tens of thousands are being killed, while whole countries are
shattered, while whole civilizations are driven back decades, if not centuries.
And everything continues as normal.
And you have criminals like [former U.S. Vice President Richard] Cheney,
saying, ‘I’ll do it again. I’ll do it again. I won’t think about it. I’ll do it
again.’
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| Costs of War photo |
Marines’ “feminist mission”
Marines were really on a ‘feminist
mission’ in these countries but, today, women in all these countries
have been driven back into medieval situations.
Women who were ‘liberated,’ women
who were doctors and lawyers and poets and writers [have been] pushed back into
this Shia set against Sunnis.
The United States is supporting
al-Qaeda militias all over this region and pretending that it’s fighting Islam.
So we are in a situation of … [the] psychopathic.
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combination of foolishness,
a lack of understanding of world cultures; drone attacks, targeted killings continue;
and on the ground a situation is being created that no army—not America, not
anybody—can control. And (U.S. President Barack) Obama goes on, coming out with
these smooth, mercurial sentences that are completely meaningless.
“I remember when he was sworn in for the second time,” Arundhati
Roy said. “He came on stage with his daughters and his wife and it was all
really nice, and he says: ‘Should my daughters have another dog or should they
not?’ while a man who had lost his entire family in the drone attacks just a
couple of weeks ago said:
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| Iraqi woman grieves |
‘What am I supposed to think? What
am I supposed to think of this exhibition of love and family values and good fatherhood
and good husbandhood?’
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| Iraqi child in Iraq ruinsCosts of War photo |
“We are not morons,” Roy comments. “It’s about time we stopped
acting so reasonable. I just don’t feel reasonable about this anymore.”
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ussia Today pens the headline “‘United States of Amnesia’:
No accountability for ‘grievous errors’ in Iraq”
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| Iraq in flames |
The humanitarian situation in Iraq ten years after the 2003
U.S. invasion is bleak, the article reports. Adding to and reinforcing other
reports, the article says, “The consequences of the war in Iraq go beyond loss
of life and physical destruction.…” Quoting the Center for National Policy President
Scott Bates, the article says, “There is a geopolitical price to pay for the
decision to invade Iraq.”
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| Iraq's post-"war" children |
The former chief of staff to Secretary of State Colin Powell
said in interview with RT:
‘Our rhetoric is high and lofty and we talk
about human rights and human dignity and freedom and democracy, and then … we
mount a war of aggression on Iraq, kill a couple hundred thousand people, and
mess up (Iraq) majorly ─ including the region’…
[Yet] there is ‘no accountability
for people who make (in Iraq and elsewhere) grievous errors in high office in
the United States … [But] history will hold the United States responsible.”
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| Aggrieved peoples respond |
ggrieved peoples and anguished soldiers cannot forget ─ soldiers
often cannot survive ─ U.S. atrocities.
Though the American people by and large conveniently forget
and move on, acting as if atrocities have not been committed by their country against
Iraqis and others of the Middle East region ─ the aggrieved peoples cannot forget
and will not forget. Ultimately, Wilkerson
says, “The world stands up and begins to balance the hegemon.” Well, can only hope.
Sources and notes
“Arundhati Roy on Iraq War’s 10th:
Bush May Be Gone, But ‘Psychosis’ of U.S. Foreign Policy Prevails,” http://www.democracynow.org/2013/3/18/arundhati_roy_on_iraq_wars_10th
Arundhati Roy is author of The Algebra of Infinite Justice. Two
Collections of essays: “The End of Imagination,” “The Greater Common Good,”
“Power Politics,” …, “War is Peace,”
“Democracy,” “War Talk,” and “Come September” (2002); Listening to Grasshoppers: Field Notes on Democracy (2009); The Checkbook and the Cruise Missile:
Conversations with Arundhati Roy (2004); War Talk (2003); Power Politics
(2002).
She is an Indian author and
political activist focused on environmental protection and human rights.
“Terrorism after the 2003 Invasion
of Iraq” Jessica Stern (Fellow at the Hoover Institution and FXB
Center for Human Rights, Harvard University) and Megan K. McBride (Brown
University) http://costsofwar.org/sites/all/themes/costsofwar/images/McBride.pdf
The prolonged occupation of Iraq
and the failure to reconstitute a functioning government able to garner
widespread legitimacy and police its borders generated the motivations for and
enhanced the ability of terrorist groups to form and fight.
The United States did not fully
consider how a protracted war would benefit groups using terrorist tactics by allowing
them to train against the most powerful military in history.
The terrorism inspired by the war in
Iraq is already becoming Iraq’s most dangerous export ─ likely to serve as a
source of grief and loss for years to come.
“‘United States of Amnesia’: No
accountability for ‘grievous errors’ in Iraq,” March 18, 2013 11:19,
http://rt.com/news/iraq-war-anniversary-us-military-423/
Images also from Costs of War Project and sources
COSTS OF WAR PROJECT
http://costsofwar.org/article/who-we-are
The Costs of War project is a nonpartisan, nonprofit,
scholarly initiative based at Brown University’s Watson Institute for
International Studies at Brown University.
All of the research groups’ papers to date are posted on this site, with
further research findings to be posted in the coming months. Further
information is available from Project Directors Catherine Lutz
(Catherine_Lutz@brown.edu) and Neta Crawford (nccrawford@earthlink.net).
First released in 2011, the Costs of War report has been
compiled and updated by more than 30 economists, anthropologists, lawyers,
humanitarian personnel, and political scientists as the first comprehensive
analysis of over a decade of wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan. The Costs of War Project analyzes the
implications of these wars in terms of human casualties, economic costs, and
civil liberties.
Costs of War recommendations
The vast scale of the wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, and
Pakistan and the full devastation they have wrought are poorly understood by
the U.S. public and policymakers.
It is imperative that we know who has been killed, what
kinds of wounds and health declines have been suffered, and what kinds of
economic costs and consequences have been incurred or profits made, and by
whom.
All of the costs of these wars have been consistently
minimized, misunderstood, or hidden from public view.
A wide variety of goals – from saving lives to enhancing
democracy to holding people accountable – require more specific knowledge about
these (and any) wars.
The U.S. public should know what the decision to go to war
in each of these cases has wrought.
The U.S. government’s arguments about national security are
a poor excuse for leaving everyone but the people of the warzone itself
ignorant of what the use of force accomplishes. Because information facilitates
democratic deliberation and effective decision-making, the U.S. should increase
transparency by:
Recording all deaths and injuries in the war zones; this includes the deaths of U.S. troops (not just those who die in the war zone or military hospital) and contractors (whether U.S. citizens or not), civilians in the war zones, enemy combatants, and prisoners. Records should be completed promptly and systematically and made public on a regular basis. Adequate health care should be provided for the injured and ill;
Continuing to track the war-related post-deployment deaths (such as suicide) and injuries (such as toxic dust exposure) of service members, whether or not they go on to receive VA treatment;
Tracking and disclosing toxic exposures for civilians from U.S. military operations or the consequences of those operations;
Fully disclosing the number and nature of detentions at home and abroad in a timely manner;
Insisting that the Pentagon meet accounting standards that every other department of government meets; making spending more transparent by setting up separate appropriations for war funding, as the Congressional Research Service recommends;
Including in the accounting of war costs the additions to the "base" Pentagon and Veterans Administration expenditures that are clearly war related, such as the New GI bill, death gratuities and insurance;
Fully describing and auditing the use of private contractors;
Providing a real time assessment of waste and profiteering, something which would require a permanent Special Inspector General charged with such;
Regularly disclosing the Pentagon's fuel consumption for each war zone and supporting operations, including the transportation of fuel;
Making public the National Intelligence Program budget that is directly related to war (e.g. the CIA drone surveillance and strike program).
Transparency and accountability for war budgets and costs must
include not only what has been spent, but the amounts that the U.S. will be
obliged to spend by virtue of the fact of going to war. The U.S. should make
comprehensive estimates of the budgetary costs of these wars by:
Including the future obligations to veterans;
Refraining from funding the wars through special or emergency appropriations;
Including the estimated costs of paying the interest on war borrowing and the estimated difference in cost between borrowing for war versus raising taxes or selling war bonds;
Estimating the costs of war that are passed on to state and local governments and to private individuals;
Estimating the macroeconomic effects of war spending on the U.S. economy.
“… An independent non-partisan commission,” says Cost of War
contributors, “should make a thorough assessment of the human,
financial, and social costs of the wars of the last decade for the people of
Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, the United States and other countries directly
affected by the wars. http://costsofwar.org/article/recommendations
COSTS OF WAR PROJECT
Project Directors
Neta C. Crawford is Professor of Political Science at Boston
University. She is the author of more
than two dozen peer reviewed articles on issues of war and peace and the author
of two books, Soviet Military Aircraft (1987) and Argument and Change in World
Politics (2002), named Best Book in International History and Politics by the
American Political Science Association.
Crawford has served on the governing Board of the Academic Council of
the United Nations System, and on the Governing Council of the American
Political Science Association.
Catherine Lutz is the Thomas J. Watson, Jr. Family Professor
of Anthropology and International Studies at the Watson Institute for
International Studies at Brown University.
She is the author of numerous books on the U.S. military and its bases
and personnel, including Breaking Ranks (with M. Gutmann, 2010), The Bases of
Empire (ed., 2009); Homefront: A Military City and the American 20th Century
(2001), and a co-founder of the Network of Concerned Anthropologists. She has also conducted research on UN
peacekeeping in Haiti and Lebanon. Lutz
is past president of the American Ethnological Society, the largest
organization of cultural anthropologists in the U.S..
Communications Director, Watson Institute for International
Studies, Brown University
Karen Lynch was communications director at Brown
University’s Watson Institute for International Studies from 2006 to 2012,
during which time she worked on projects including the Costs of War. Prior to joining Brown, she was
communications and content director at the Development Gateway Foundation, a
World Bank initiative using the web to share information and practical
solutions for alleviating poverty. She
is also past director of the Markle Foundation’s Global Digital Opportunity
Program, which advanced the use of information and communication technologies
for development. Karen is currently a
freelance writer and communications consultant.
COSTS OF WAR PROJECT
Contributors:
Nadje Al-Ali is Professor of Gender Studies at the School of
Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London. Her publications
include We Are Iraqis: Aesthetics and
Politics in a Time of War (2013, edited with Deborah Al-Najjar), What kind of
Liberation? Women and the Occupation of Iraq (co-authored with Nicola Pratt,
2009); Iraqi Women: Untold Stories from 1948 to the Present (2007), amongst
many other publications about women and gender in the Middle East. She is also
a founding member of Act Together: Women's Action for Iraq. With the support of UN Women and Open Society
Foundations, Nadje is currently helping to coordinate the first ever Iraqi shadow
report of the UN Convention for the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination
Against Women (CEDAW), in addition to various capacity building projects of
Iraqi academics and women’s rights activists.
Andrew J. Bacevich is Professor of History and International
Relations at Boston University. A
graduate of the U.S. Military Academy, he received his Ph.D. in American
diplomatic history from Princeton. He is
the author of Washington Rules: America’s Path to Permanent War (2010), The
Limits of Power: The End of American Exceptionalism (2008), and The New
American Militarism: How Americans Are
Seduced by War (2005), among other books.
Chantal Berman recently received her B.A. from Brown
University with degrees in International Relations and Middle East Studies. She
has conducted research on Iraqi refugee policies in Syria and Lebanon. Berman
works as an Assistant Producer at Radio Open Source with Christopher
Lydon. She is currently pursuing her PhD
in Politics at Princeton University.
Linda J. Bilmes, Daniel Patrick Moynihan Senior Lecturer in
Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School, is a leading expert on U.S.
budgeting and public finance. Bilmes was
Assistant Secretary and Chief Financial Officer of the U.S. Department of
Commerce during the Clinton administration.
She is co-author (with Joseph Stiglitz) of the New York Times bestseller
The Three Trillion Dollar War: The True Cost of the Iraq Conflict (2008). She has written extensively on the cost of
war and veterans’ issues, including "Soldiers Returning from Iraq and
Afghanistan: The Long-term Costs of Providing Veterans Medical Care and
Disability Benefits” (2007). Bilmes is a
member of the Council on Foreign Relations.
Melani Cammett is Associate Professor of Political Science
and the Dupee Faculty Fellow at the Watson Institute for International Studies
at Brown University. Cammett’s new book,
Compassionate Communalism: Welfare and Sectarianism in Lebanon (Cornell
University Press, forthcoming), explores how politics shape the distribution of
welfare goods by ethnic and sectarian organizations. An article published in 2012 in the Journal
of Conflict Resolution examines the impact of institutional design on post-war
governance and peace-building. Cammett has also published scholarly articles in
World Politics, Studies in Comparative International Development, Comparative
Politics, and World Development.
Cammett’s current research explores governance and the politics of
social service provision by Islamists and other public and private actors in
the Middle East.
Anita Dancs is Assistant Professor of Economics at Western
New England University. She writes on
the military and the U.S. economy, and the economics of war. She has been interviewed extensively by
national media including appearances on CNN, CNBC, and Marketplace, and her
research has been covered by the Washington Post, New York Times, and
Associated Press amongst others. She was
research director of the National Priorities Project, and has been a staff
economist with the Center for Popular Economics for more than 15 years, making
economics more accessible to the general population.
Omar Dewachi is a physician from Iraq and a medical
anthropologist, currently an Assistant Professor of Public Health at the
American University of Beirut. In 2008, he graduated from Harvard University
with a Ph.D. in Social Anthropology.
Dewachi has worked on Iraqi medical doctors, their role in the formation
of the Iraqi state, migration to the UK and integration in the British National
Health Service (NHS). Dewachi’s current research is on war injuries and
patients seeking health care outside Iraq.
Ryan D. Edwards is Assistant Professor of Economics at
Queens College, a member of the doctoral faculty at the City University of New
York, and a faculty research fellow with the National Bureau of Economic
Research. His studies focus on the
interrelated causes and consequences of health, mortality, and economic
well-being.
Cynthia Enloe is Research Professor at Clark University
(Massachusetts) in the Program of Women's and Gender Studies and the Department
of International Development, Community and the Environment (IDCE). She
received her Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of California,
Berkeley. Among Enloe’s books are
Bananas, Beaches and Bases: Making Feminist Sense of International Politics
(2000); The Curious Feminist(2004); and Globalization and Militarism: Feminists
Make the Link (2007), Nimo's War, Emma's War: Making Feminist Sense of the Iraq
War (2010). Enloe’s latest book
(coauthored with Joni Seager) is The Real State of America: Mapping the Myths
and Truths of the United States (2011).
Matthew Evangelista is President White Professor of History
and Political Science and former chair of the Department of Government at
Cornell University, where he teaches courses in international and comparative
politics. He is the author of five
books: Innovation and the Arms Race(1988); Unarmed Forces: The Transnational
Movement to End the Cold War (1999); The Chechen Wars (2002); Law, Ethics, and
the War on Terror(2008); and Gender, Nationalism, and War (2011). He is the
editor of Peace Studies, 4 vols. (2005), and co-editor of Partners or Rivals?
European-American Relations after Iraq (2005); New Wars, New Laws? Applying the
Laws of War in 21st Century Conflicts (2005); and Democracy and Security(2008).
Brendan M. Fischer is Staff Counsel with the Center for Media
and Democracy. He graduated from Wisconsin Law School in 2011. Prior to law
school, he worked for a music publicist and served as a Peace Corps Volunteer
in a rural community in El Salvador.
Phillip Gara is a filmmaker with the Global Media Project at
the Watson Institute for International Studies at Brown University. He was an
associate producer on the documentary Human Terrain, directed shorts including
Virtuous War, Disastrous Horizons, The Military Industrial Complex...50 Years
Later, and is currently directing a feature documentary, Project Z.
Heidi Garrett-Peltier holds a Ph.D. in Economics from the
University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
She currently works as a Research Fellow at the Political Economy
Research Institute at UMass. Heidi has written
and contributed to a number of reports on the clean energy economy, including
Green Prosperity: How Clean-Energy Policies Can Fight Poverty and Raise Living
Standards in the United States and The Economic Benefits of Investing in Clean
Energy. She has also written about the
employment effects of defense spending with co-author Robert Pollin in
publications such as Benefits of a Slimmer Pentagon (The Nation, May 2012) and
The U.S. Employment Effects of Military and Domestic Spending Priorities (Institute
for Policy Studies, 2007). Additionally,
Heidi has consulted with the U.S. Department of Energy on federal energy
programs and she is an active member of the Center for Popular Economics.
Lisa Graves is the Executive Director of the Center for Media
and Democracy. She has testified as an
expert witness before the U.S. Senate and House on national security
issues. Graves’ former leadership posts
include serving as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal
Policy/Policy Development at the U.S. Department of Justice; Deputy Chief of
the Article III Judges Division of the U.S. Courts; Chief Counsel for
Nominations for the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee; Senior Legislative
Strategist for the ACLU; and Deputy Director of the Center for National
Security Studies. She has also appeared
as an expert on CNN, ABC, NBC, CBS, National Public Radio, Air America,
Pacifica Radio, and in the major U.S. dailies.
Hugh Gusterson is Professor of Cultural Studies and
Anthropology at George Mason University, where he teaches and conducts research
on militarism, public anthropology, the politics and culture of nuclear
weapons, and ethics. He has done
fieldwork in the United States and Russia, where he has studied the culture of
nuclear weapons scientists and antinuclear activists. He is the author of People of the Bomb
(Minnesota, 2004), and Nuclear Rites (UC Press, 1996), and co-editor of The
Insecure American: How We Got Here and What We Should Do About It (University
of California Press, 2009), Why America's Top Pundits Are Wrong (UC Press,
2005), and Cultures of Insecurity (Minnesota, 1999). As well as writing for scholarly journals,
Hugh has a regular online column for the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists and has published
in numerous newspapers and magazines.
Hugh is currently working on a book entitled Weaponizing Culture.
William D. Hartung is director of the Arms and Security
Project at the Center for International Policy.
He is an internationally recognized expert on the arms trade, nuclear
policy, and military spending. Hartung
is the author of Prophets of War: Lockheed Martin and the Making of the
Military Industrial Complex (2011), the co-editor of Lessons from Iraq:
Avoiding the Next War (2008), and And Weapons for All (1995). Hartung’s articles on security issues have
appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, The
Nation, and the World Policy Journal. He
has been a featured expert on national security issues on CBS 60 Minutes, NBC
Nightly News, the Lehrer Newshour, CNN, Fox News, and scores of local,
regional, and international radio outlets.
Jennifer Heath is an independent scholar, curator,
award-winning activist and cultural journalist, author/editor of nine books,
including Children of Afghanistan: The
Path to Peace (co—edited with Ashraf Zahedi, forthcoming, 2014, University of
Texas Press), Land of the Unconquerable: The Lives of Contemporary Afghan Women
(co-edited with Ashraf Zahedi, UC Press, 2011), The Veil: Women Writers on Its
History, Lore, and Politics (editor, UC Press, 2008), and A House White With
Sorrow: A Ballad for Afghanistan (1996).
She is the founder of Seeds for Afghanistan and the Afghanistan Relief
Organization Midwife Training and Infant Care Program. With colleagues in Afghanistan, Jennifer is
creating Tents for Peace, a storytelling project of the Afghans4Tomorrow Institute
of Oral Traditions.
James Heintz is Associate Research Professor and Associate
Director at the Political Economy Research Institute of the University of
Massachusetts, Amherst. He has published widely on employment, economic policy,
labor standards, international trade, clean energy, and human rights. He has worked with the International Labor
Organization, the United Nations Development Program, the UN Research Institute
for Social Development, and the Economic Commission for Africa. Part of his work has involved examining the
relationships between economic policy and social and economic rights in
conjunction with various human rights organizations.
Alison Howell is Assistant Professor of Political Science at
Rutgers University . Her research
explores the politics of medicine in global affairs, with a specific focus on
mental health, security, and global governance.
She is the author of Madness in International Relations: Psychology,
Security and the Global Governance of Mental Health (Routledge, 2011). She has also published in the areas of gender
and foreign policy, the politics of detention, the place of suicide in global
affairs, and on mental health reform in Iraq.
Among Alison’s latest publications are “Afghanistan’s Price” (Literary
Review of Canada, 2012) and “The Demise of PTSD: From Governing Trauma to Governing through
Resilience” (Alternatives).
Dahr Jamail is an award-winning author and a journalist with
Al-Jazeera English. He spent nine months
in Iraq between 2003 and 2009 as one of the few unembedded, independent U.S.
journalists in the country reporting on the Iraq war and its human costs. In early 2012, Jamail reported for Al-Jazeera
television from Baghdad and Fallujah and wrote feature stories for Al-Jazeera’s
website. He has also reported from
Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan, following Iraqi refugees as well as other conflicts
in the region. Jamail’s stories have additionally appeared via Inter Press
Service, Le Monde Diplomatique, The Guardian, The Independent, and The Nation,
among others. He has appeared on the
BBC, NPR, and Russia Today. He has
received the 2008 Martha Gellhorn Award for Journalism, the James Aronson Award
for Social Justice Journalism, the Joe A. Callaway Award for Civic Courage, and
four Project Censored awards.
Ken MacLeish is Assistant Professor at the Center for
Medicine, Health and Society and the Department of Anthropology at Vanderbilt
University. He is the author of Making War at Fort Hood: Life and Uncertainty
in a Military Community (Princeton University Press, 2013), an ethnography
exploring the everyday experience of war for soldiers, military families, and
other military community members. His current research examines how politics
and morality shape ideas about soldier suicide and military behavioral health.
Megan K. McBride is currently working on her Ph.D. in
Religious Studies, focusing on religious violence and terrorism, at Brown
University. She has an M.A. in Liberal Arts from the Great Books program at St.
John's College, and an M.A. in Government from John Hopkins University where
her thesis led to an article on the psychology of terrorism ("The Logic of
Terrorism: Existential Anxiety, the Search for Meaning, and Terrorist
Ideologies", Terrorism and Political Violence, 2011).
Robert Miller is an Associate Professor of Pulmonary
Medicine at Vanderbilt University. He
was the principal investigator in a project evaluating service members with
exercise limitation following service in Iraq and Afghanistan (“Constrictive
Bronchiolitis in Soldiers Returning from Iraq and Afghanistan,” New England
Journal of Medicine, 2011). He is now
collaborating with other institutions and governmental agencies to further
characterize the disorder and define appropriate compensation for those affected.
Norah Niland has spent much of her professional life with
the United Nations, both in the field (including assignments in Sri Lanka,
Thailand, Cambodia, Liberia and Afghanistan), and in New York on humanitarian,
human rights, and development issues. Niland
recently completed an assignment in 2010 in Afghanistan as Director of Human
Rights in UNAMA. Before this, she was in
charge of policy development with the Office for the Coordination of
Humanitarian Affairs in Geneva.
Nicola Pratt is Associate Professor of International
Politics of the Middle East at the University of Warwick, UK. She is co-author
of What Kind of Liberation? Women and the Occupation of Iraq (2009) and
co-editor of Women and War in the Middle East (2009), both with Nadje Al-Ali. Her
current research is on gendering the politics of insecurity in the Middle East.
Mac Skelton is Senior Fellow at the Business Council for
International Understanding. He has
conducted research on cancer and the breakdown of oncology in Iraq. As a graduate
student in Anthropology at the American University of Beirut, he conducted
fieldwork at a Beirut hotel where hundreds of Iraqi cancer patients have lodged
over the past few years due to the war-related deterioration of medical care in
Iraq. The project was part of a broader effort led by Omar Al-Dewachi examining
healthcare outsourcing in the wake of the Iraq War.
Jessica Stern is a Fellow at the Hoover Institution and at
the FXB Center for Human Rights at Harvard University. She is the author of
several books and numerous articles on terrorism and proliferation of weapons
of mass destruction. She served on
President Clinton’s National Security Council Staff, and as an analyst at
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
She is a member of the Trilateral Commission and of the Council on
Foreign Relations.
Winslow T. Wheeler is Director of the Straus Military Reform
Project of the Center for Defense Information, based at the Project on
Government Oversight (POGO) in Washington, DC.
He is the author of The Wastrels of Defense (2004) and Military Reform
(2007), and the editor of the anthology The Pentagon Labyrinth: 10 Short Essays
to Help You through It (2011) and the 2008 anthology, America’s Defense
Meltdown: Pentagon Reform for President Obama and the New Congress (2009). From 1971 to 2002, Wheeler worked on national
security issues for members of the U.S. Senate and for the U.S. Government
Accountability Office (GAO). In the
Senate, Wheeler advised Jacob K. Javits (R-NY), Nancy L. Kassebaum (R-KS),
David Pryor (D-AR), and Pete V. Domenici (R-NM). He was the first and last Senate staffer to
work simultaneously on the staffs of a Republican and a Democrat.
Zoë H. Wool received her Ph.D. from the University of
Toronto and is currently an NIMH Postdoctoral Fellow at the Institute for
Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research at Rutgers University. She has conducted ethnographic fieldwork with
injured U.S. soldiers and their families rehabilitating at Walter Reed Army
Medical Center. Her work on this and
other issues related to the U.S. military since 9/11 includes “Labors of
Love: The Transformation of Care in the
Non-Medical Attendant Program at Walter Reed Army Medical Center” (co-authored
with Seth Messinger, Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 2012) and “On
Movement: The Matter of U.S. Soldiers’
Being After Combat” (In press, Ethnos), among other publications.
Bassam Yousif is Associate Professor of economics at Indiana
State University. He has written
extensively on the economic development and political economy of Iraq,
including his article, “The Political Economy of Sectarianism in Iraq”
(International Journal of Contemporary Iraqi Studies,2011). His work has led to policy consulting. Bassam’s book, The Human Development of Iraq,
has recently been published by Routledge (2012).
Research assistance: Kathleen Millar, and Brown University students Sujaya
Desai, Sofia Quesada, Hannah Winkler, and David Granberg; Christina Rowley assistance helping establish the Eisenhower Research Project; Deborah Healey expert administrative
assistance; Web Design Assistance Maxime Long; consultants Joseph Grady etal at Cultural Logic
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Bennett's books are available in New York State independent bookstores: Lift Bridge Bookshop: www.liftbridgebooks.com [Brockport, NY]; Sundance Books: http://www.sundancebooks.com/main.html [Geneseo, NY]; Mood Makers Books: www.moodmakersbooks.com [City of Rochester, NY]; Dog Ears Bookstore and Literary Arts Center: www.enlightenthedog.org/ [Buffalo, NY]; Burlingham Books – ‘Your Local Chapter’: http://burlinghambooks.com/ [Perry, NY 14530]; The Bookworm: http://www.eabookworm.com/ [East Aurora, NY] • See also: World Pulse: Global Issues through the eyes of Women: http://www.worldpulse.com/ http://www.worldpulse.com/pulsewire http://www.facebook.com/#!/bennetts2ndstudy
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